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In countries with long cold winters, short mild summers, cheap energy and insulation, the technique of providing thermal comfort both in winter and in summer by heating/cooling of air are in general use. Heating is by oil or gas and cooling is by electric refrigeration. Stand-alone air conditioning for cooling only has found widespread use worldwide.
The recent realization that this technology is energy hungry and contributes to global warming has spurred many researchers to look for alternative means of providing thermal comfort. This paper investigates a technique used in India by the architects of its heritage buildings that keeps them comfortably cool even today without using any energy at all. It also presents a study of this technique and shows how it is being revived by modern technology. Examples of recent application of this technique in modern buildings are given, along with readings taken at site and their significance.
The conclusion is that the Indian method is poised to make a major contribution towards reducing global warming and environmental degradation.
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