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The human mind has been trying to understand the fundamental constituents of matter almost from the beginning of human civilization. Through the work of great philosophers and then the Chemists and Physicists, the idea crystallized that all matters are built of quarks and leptons which interact among themselves through the exchange of vector bosons. The current understanding is expressed through the formulation of the Standard Model. In the last fifty years, a number of experimental findings paved the way of the Standard Model. Some of the key experiments will be elaborated in this talk. Many of these experiments were motivated by the current theoretical prejudice of that time, but there were some which were not influenced by theories and they discovered new frontiers. The experiments as well as the theoretical understanding of today hinted that the Standard Model is not the last word. More thinking and many complementary experiments are needed to reach the truth.
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