The calcium stor(e)y in neurons

“Life evolved in sea water amongst a range of ions including calcium (Ca2+). Primordial cells devised mechanisms that maintained a tight control on Ca2+ levels within them so as to prevent reactions incompatible with life such as protein aggregation and precipitation of ATP.  Consequently, Ca2+ channels and pumps exist on cell membranes of organisms ranging from unicellular bacteria to higher animals and plants. Ca2+ containing intracellular compartments were formed as endo-membranes evolved and as multi-cellular organisms appeared these compartments are thought to have acquired new roles in intercellular communication, essential to manage the biological complexity of higher plants and animals. In higher animals the role of intracellular Ca2+ signalling in immune function is well understood. It’s role in neuronal function has been proposed but not identified. Through behavioural, physiological and cellular studies of novel Drosophila mutants we now show that signalling initiated by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores co-ordinates flight at multiple levels. These studies have broader implications for certain neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic diseases in humans.”