Holography of information, gravitational constraints and black-hole evaporation

A theory of gravity localizes quantum information differently from nongravitational quantum field theories. This effect, called the holography of information, arises as a consequence of the gravitational constraints. A precise version of this property can be established using an asymptotic analysis while making only weak assumptions about the ultraviolet completion of the low-energy theory.  For simple low-energy states, this property can also be studied in perturbation theory. I will describe how holography of information is manifested in asymptotically anti-de Sitter space, asymptotically flat space, and asymptotically de Sitter space. I will also discuss implications for evaporating black-holes and show how accounting for this feature of gravity leads to a resolution of several puzzles.