Quantum link models: from classical to quantum simulation

Quantum link models are generalizations of Wilson's formulation of
Lattice Gauge theories, but with discrete degrees of freedom which
still implement an exact continuous gauge symmetry. These are amenable
to quantum simulation using ultra-cold atomic gases in optical
lattices. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious
sign problem, this offers a fresh approach to tackle problems
otherwise intractable with conventional simulation methods. Examples
include real time dynamics of string breaking to chiral symmetry
restoration at finite density presently formulated with simple model
systems. These models are excellent candidates to develop
algorithms. Some of these models display unconventional phases which
have been uncovered only recently using a newly developed cluster
algorithm.